Peru
Peru has at least one major earthquake every year.
About Country
Continent | America |
Capital | Lima |
Population | 32,971,854 |
World share | 0.4 % |
Land area | 1,280,000 km² |
Official Languages | - Aymara |
Unofficial Languages | - Ashaninka |
Currency | PEN |
Economy rating | 45 |
Economy GDP | 225,918 millions USD |
ВВП на человека | 6,852 USD |
Democracy Index
6.53
Flawed
democracy
*
|
Crime Rate |
7.9 |
Safe zone |
Unemployment |
16.4 % |
High unemployment |
*
|
Average salary |
367 USD |
|
Average expense |
449 USD |
|
Average rent price |
351 USD |
Immigration
Immigration difficulty |
Normal |
|
Recommended Savings |
4,802 USD |
Double citizenship |
Allowed |
Official site |
Immigration official website |
Compulsory exams |
Spanish language exam and history and culture test of Peru |
|
Passport rating |
38 Amount of countries: 136 |
Immigration options
| Immigration type | Required Time | Fee |
| Marriage | from 3 to 10 days (paperwork) 2 years (for citizenship) | 33 USD |
| Student | from 3 to 10 days (paperwork) 2 years (for citizenship) | 33 USD |
| Employee | from 3 to 10 days (paperwork) 2 years (for citizenship) | 33 USD |
| Investments | from 3 to 10 days (paperwork) 2 years (for citizenship) | 33 USD |
| Business | from 3 to 10 days (paperwork) 2 years (for citizenship) | 33 USD |
Marriage
| Immigration fee | Immigration Time |
| 33 USD | from 3 to 10 days (paperwork) 2 years (for citizenship) |
List of documents:
- Completed questionnaire;- International passport;
- 2 color photos;
- Receipt of payment of the fee;
- General civil passport;
- Medical insurance;
- Certificate of no criminal record;
- Financial documents: bank statement with bank seal;
- A document confirming the marriage.
Additional Information:
When you marry a citizen of the country, you will be given a residence permit.The marriage must be official.
Student
| Immigration fee | Immigration Time |
| 33 USD | from 3 to 10 days (paperwork) 2 years (for citizenship) |
List of documents:
- Completed questionnaire;- International passport;
- 2 color photos;
- Receipt of payment of the fee;
- General civil passport;
- Medical insurance;
- Certificate of no criminal record;
- Financial documents: bank statement with bank seal;
- A document confirming the transfer
Additional Information:
One of the most popular ways of immigration is to study in Peru.Peruvian higher education institutions are considered the best in South and Central America.
Employee
| Immigration fee | Immigration Time |
| 33 USD | from 3 to 10 days (paperwork) 2 years (for citizenship) |
List of documents:
- Completed questionnaire;- International passport;
- 2 color photos;
- Receipt of payment of the fee;
- General civil passport;
- Medical insurance;
- Certificate of no criminal record;
- Financial documents: bank statement with bank seal;
- An invitation from the employer.
Additional Information:
When applying for employment in Peru, you have the right to obtain a residence permit.Teachers, translators and doctors are valued in the country, therefore, having such qualifications, you will have a stable high income.
Investments
| Immigration fee | Immigration Time |
| 33 USD | from 3 to 10 days (paperwork) 2 years (for citizenship) |
List of documents:
- Completed questionnaire;- International passport;
- 2 color photos;
- Receipt of payment of the fee;
- General civil passport;
- Medical insurance;
- Certificate of no criminal record;
- Financial documents: bank statement with bank seal;
- A document confirming the investment.
Additional Information:
You can invest financial resources in the country's economy to obtain a residence permit.To do this, you will have to invest at least 25 thousand dollars. Most often, foreigners invest money in industry or agriculture.
Business
| Immigration fee | Immigration Time |
| 33 USD | from 3 to 10 days (paperwork) 2 years (for citizenship) |
List of documents:
- Completed questionnaire;- International passport;
- 2 color photos;
- Receipt of payment of the fee;
- General civil passport;
- Medical insurance;
- Certificate of no criminal record;
- Financial documents: bank statement with bank seal;
- Documents confirming the opening or purchase of a business.
Additional Information:
You can open your own business and get a residence permit.The country has quite favorable conditions for businessmen, for example: taxes can be paid partially in the first few years.
Taxes
The main taxes in Peru are corporate income tax, personal income tax, value added tax (VAT), excise tax.Corporate income tax
The total annual income tax rate for resident organizations is 29.5%.
All resident companies are subject to this income tax on taxable income worldwide. Resident companies are companies registered in Peru.
Personal income tax
In Peru, there is also an income tax for individuals. Peruvian citizens residing in Peru are taxed on their income worldwide. Persons who do not reside in Peru are taxed in this country only on income earned in Peru.
Currently, the dividend tax rate of 5% is applied to the distribution of profits to non-residents and individuals by resident companies, as well as branches, permanent representative offices and agencies of foreign companies.
Value Added tax (VAT)
The total VAT rate is 18% (16% of the VAT itself plus 2% of the municipal advertising tax). VAT in Peru is usually levied on the following transactions: sale of movable property, provision and use of services, construction contracts, the first sale of real estate (except land) by builders and import of goods.
As in many indirect taxation systems, in order to determine the tax payable by the company performing the above operations (outgoing VAT), the VAT paid on the company's acquisitions is accepted as a tax credit (incoming VAT).
Excise tax
The excise tax rates and the way it is applied depend on the type of goods or services. Specific goods subject to excise tax include fuel, cigarettes, beer, spirits and vehicles.
Double Taxation Avoidance Agreements
Currently, in order to avoid double taxation, Peru has signed and ratified treaties with the following countries: Brazil, Chile, Canada, Portugal, South Korea, Switzerland and Mexico.
Education
The education system in Peru is divided into 4 stages: preschool education, primary, secondary and higher education.Preschool education
Preschool education is divided into two cycles: one for children aged 0 to 2 years, and the other for children from 3 to 5 years. According to the current Constitution of Peru, one year of preschool education is compulsory and is provided free of charge in public schools.
Primary education
Primary education lasts six years (grades 1-6) and is divided into three two-year cycles. All six years are mandatory, children usually enter the first grade at the age of six. The national curriculum includes nine areas of study: art and culture, communication, English as a foreign language, mathematics, physical education, religion, science and technology, social sciences and Spanish.
At the end of the 6th grade, graduates are issued a certificate of primary education. There are no final exams.
Secondary education
Secondary education lasts five years (from grades 7 to 11) and consists of two cycles, both of which are mandatory. The first cycle lasts two years, during which all students study the general education curriculum; the second cycle lasts three years and is divided into academic and professional streams. There are also four-year secondary education programs for adults who have not completed secondary education, or young people who cannot attend secondary school full-time.
Students who have successfully graduated from high school receive a certificate of secondary education. High school graduates are eligible for admission to higher education institutions.
Peruvians can receive technical and vocational education and training in various educational institutions, both formal and informal.
Higher education
Higher education in Peru consists of technology colleges, both public and private. They offer courses lasting three years (approximately 3,000 hours of training), at the end of which they receive the title of technical specialists. Some courses can last four years (approximately 4,000 hours of study), and the student receives a specialist diploma.
Healthcare
The health care system of Peru as a whole is divided into two parts — the public and the private sector. Peru's public hospitals, polyclinics and medical centers are supported by the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare. The private healthcare sector in Peru includes various hospitals and clinics run by medical professionals, clinics, pharmacies and laboratories. The fee is charged for treatment in both public and private hospitals.Unfortunately, Peru's public health system is poorly funded, and many institutions may not be able to adequately treat expatriates who may want to seek help outside of Peru.
The main reason is that many Peruvians do not have sufficient income to pay for proper medical care, and the government simply does not have the necessary financial resources. The health insurance system in the country is expensive, but the quality standards in many Peruvian private hospitals and clinics are very high, especially in large cities.
Peru's public health system is too poor compared to its counterparts in North America. People often have to wait months to make an appointment at a public hospital. Even with minor health problems, the waiting period is quite long.
In Peru, there are two types of social insurance to choose from — Seguro Integral de Salud (SIS) and EsSalud. SIS is authorized by the Ministry of Health and is designed to help people with low incomes and those who do not have foreign health insurance. EsSalud is funded by employers who pay 9% of the employee's remuneration or salary as insurance. This social insurance is mandatory for employees of the private and public sectors, independent workers, students, minor descendants under the age of 18 and pensioners.
105 is the emergency number for the entire country, and you can use this number to directly contact the ambulance, fire department and police. It is not difficult to buy medicines without a prescription, since there are many pharmacies scattered around the cities. Ideally, you should have a copy of the prescription for the medicine with you in case you have irregular health problems. You should be able to purchase medicines equivalent to the medicines used in your country. Compared to medical care in the USA, the cost of medical care in Peru is quite low.
Climate
Climate type |
- Tropical climates
|
Climate Information |
Сlimate in different countries |
Peru is a diverse country defined by the Andean Mountain Range, which stretches from north to south and divides the country into three vast climatic regions: the coast, the Andean Highlands, the eastern lowlands and the Amazon rainforest. The coast is characterized by a semi-arid subtropical desert climate with an average annual precipitation of 150 mm.
Along the southern and central coasts, temperatures range from 13C to 26C with colder months in May and October.
In the north, the climate is more subtropical, and the average temperature is 24C.
In the Andes, the climate changes with altitude, traditionally the rainy season lasts from September to March (although it may begin in December), and the dry and cold season lasts from May to August. The average temperature ranges from 11-18 C, and the annual precipitation is 50-1000 mm with drier conditions in the southwest and wetter conditions in the east. The northern Andes are prone to frost, and the southern Andes are prone to drought.
The eastern lowlands and Amazon rainforests have a tropical climate with high temperatures and precipitation throughout the year. The average temperature ranges from 22C in the eastern Andes to 31C in the Amazon basin, the annual precipitation ranges from 1000 to 3000 mm.
The coastal strip is dominated by desert plants - cacti and thorny shrubs. The slopes of the central Andes are covered with dense subtropical mountain forest, which gradually gives way to a forest of a more temperate climatic type - "sekha". Cacti, prickly legumes and deciduous broad-leaved trees are found in mountain valleys.
The fauna of the desert coastal strip is represented by sea lions, Humboldt penguins, Chilean flamingos, Peruvian pelicans, Inca terns, brown boobies, lizards, tarantulas and scorpions.