United Kingdom
The minimum wage in England is £9 an hour.
About Country
Continent | Europe |
Capital | London |
Population | 67,886,011 |
World share | 0.9 % |
Land area | 241,930 km² |
Official Languages | - English |
Unofficial Languages | - Cornish |
Currency | GBP |
Economy rating | 5 |
Economy GDP | 3,124,650 millions USD |
ВВП на человека | 46,028 USD |
Democracy Index
8.54
Full
democracy
*
|
Crime Rate |
1.2 |
Safe zone |
Unemployment |
4.7 % |
Low unemployment |
*
|
Average salary |
3,246 USD |
|
Average expense |
942 USD |
|
Average rent price |
999 USD |
Immigration
Immigration difficulty |
Normal |
|
Recommended Savings |
11,646 USD |
Double citizenship |
Allowed |
Official site |
Immigration official website |
Compulsory exams |
English (IELTS, TOEFL) |
|
Passport rating |
6 Amount of countries: 187 |
Immigration options
| Immigration type | Required Time | Fee |
| Employee | from 1 to 5 days (paperwork) 6 years (for citizenship) | 795 USD |
| Business | from 1 to 5 days (paperwork) 6 years (for citizenship) | 1331 USD |
| Marriage | from 1 to 3 months (paperwork) 6 years (for citizenship) | 1985 USD |
| Student | from 2 to 8 weeks (paperwork) 3 years (for citizenship) | 453 USD |
| Investments | from 1 to 5 days (paperwork) 2+ years (for citizenship) | 2116 USD |
Employee
| Immigration fee | Immigration Time |
| 795 USD | from 1 to 5 days (paperwork) 6 years (for citizenship) |
List of documents:
- Foreign passport;- Confirmation of the fact of employment;
- Copy of diploma with certified translation;
- Certificate from the police about the absence of a criminal record;
- Recommendation from the previous place of work.
Additional Information:
Emigration to the UK and living there on an English work visa is the most common. This does not require special material costs and you can start working on the day of arrival. And all this time will be counted and subsequently serve as the basis for obtaining permanent residence and British citizenship. The downside is the difficulty in finding a willing head of an English organization who would be willing to go through all the bureaucratic procedures associated with moving a foreigner to the country. Here you can not do without the special interest of the employer in this candidate. Moreover, only companies that have a sponsor's license have the right to issue such visas.The type of visa depends on the type of chosen work, a full list of visas can be found here: Work Visas
Business
| Immigration fee | Immigration Time |
| 1331 USD | from 1 to 5 days (paperwork) 6 years (for citizenship) |
List of documents:
- Foreign passport;- Medical examination(tuberculosis test);
- Certificate from the police about the absence of a criminal record;
- Company registration documents.
Additional Information:
Permanent residence in England will become available if you leave to live in the country as an entrepreneur. At the same time, it is allowed to take a partner with whom the expenditure part and the business itself are shared. Plus, all the time spent will be counted, which will subsequently allow you to receive permanent residence and even citizenship. Minus - you can not carry out any other activity except this one. And you need to invest up to 200,000 pounds, which should be spent only on your own business, which will need to be documented. The purchase of real estate and the implementation of repair work is not included here. You will also have to provide 2 jobs to local workers with a deduction of taxes for them. And most likely they will not agree to the minimum wage for their work. This visa is valid for 3 years with the possibility of extension for another 2.Marriage
| Immigration fee | Immigration Time |
| 1985 USD | from 1 to 3 months (paperwork) 6 years (for citizenship) |
List of documents:
- Foreign passport;- Confirmation of the status of official marriage;
- Medical examination;
- Confirmation of financial solvency;
- Additional documents upon request.
Additional Information:
Having left for England with such a permit, the opportunity is given to work on its territory and enjoy state support. After 5 years of life, permanent residence is acquired, and a year later - citizenship. The negative side of such a move is the need to have an annual income of 18,600 pounds or more. With one caveat - if the spouse has citizenship in any EU country, there are no restrictions. But as soon as you get a divorce, you immediately lose your permission to live in England. Therefore, it is imperative to weigh everything, especially about the appearance of a child in such a family, which in the event of a divorce is likely to remain in the UK.Student
| Immigration fee | Immigration Time |
| 453 USD | from 2 to 8 weeks (paperwork) 3 years (for citizenship) |
List of documents:
- Foreign passport;- Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS);
- Participation in extracurricular activities;
- Cconfirmation of received awards or scholarships.
Additional Information:
The positive side of the matter is the ease of moving to England and the long term for finding a job. However, immigrating to England in this way requires a large material investment. These include fees for studying and living in the UK, which includes payment for a room, meals, and other expenses. Moreover, there are no guarantees that during this time there will be an employer who is ready to issue a labor permit in the future.Investments
| Immigration fee | Immigration Time |
| 2116 USD | from 1 to 5 days (paperwork) 2+ years (for citizenship) |
List of documents:
- Foreign passport;- Medical examination(tuberculosis test);
- Certificate from the police about the absence of a criminal record;
- Confirmation of investments (more then 2 000 0000 funds ~ 2 610 000 USD).
Additional Information:
The advantage of this option is the low requirement for English language proficiency and the simplicity of the scheme. You just need to invest a million British pounds in the state in the form of securities. And after five years of living in England, permanent residence is acquired with the right to sell government bonds. The downside will be the freezing of funds for up to 5 years, and if bond prices fall, it will be necessary to invest the missing amounts.Taxes
A person can be recognized as a tax resident according to some criteria, the key of which is the actual stay in the country for at least 183 days during the tax period. If at the same time a resident has a British domicile, he also pays tax on all his worldwide income. If a person is simply a resident without domicile status, then he receives a special exemption that allows him to not pay tax on his foreign income. But only on the condition that he does not import them into the UK.Income tax.
Income is taxed, which includes wages, bonuses, pensions, and interest on savings accounts. Salaries in the UK are often quoted excluding taxes. The income of an individual is taxed on a progressive scale. Interest rates in 2021/2022:
Up to £12,570 ($17,482) - 0% From £12,571 ($17,483) to £50,270 ($69,914) - 20% From £50,271 ($69,915) to £150,000 ($208,616) - 40% Over £150,000 ($208,616) - 45%
Rates are indexed annually. In Scotland, the scale is slightly different.
Not taxed: the first £1,000 from self-employment and property rentals, dividends up to £2,000,
Individual Savings Accounts (ISA), and National Savings Certificates. Insurance fee An insurance premium is also deducted from income, it is mandatory for employees with a salary above £184 per week and for the self-employed with an income above £ 6515, voluntary contributions can also be paid.
Insurance premium rate: From £184 to £967 per week - 12% Over £967 per week - 2%
Both the income tax and the insurance premium are paid by the employer.
Capital gains tax.
In the United Kingdom, there is a separate income tax on the sale of any asset: for example, securities or real estate. Any amount above £12,300 is taxable. For most assets, the income tax rate is 20%, for residential property (except for the main residence) - 28%.
Acquisition of real estate. The standard rate for residential properties is progressive: up to £125,000, no tax is charged, then from 2% to 12%. Also an additional 3% of the purchase price as a fee for a second home. Foreign buyers, non-residents, pay an additional 2% on the entire amount. It is possible to avoid the tax if you buy a first home worth up to £300,000. Also, the tax is not paid when buying a package of identical apartments in the same complex of buildings and for some types of land. Legal entities pay a flat rate of 15% for properties over £500,000. Residential properties are subject to an additional 3%.
Property ownership and leasing. “The amount of tax depends on the value of the property at the date of purchase and is reviewed taking into account its market value (every 5 years). If the property is rented out, then the company is exempt from paying tax but must submit a tax return on income received from the lease. All homeowners or tenants pay council tax. However, there is a fairly large list of benefits: students and recipients of social benefits do not pay tax, and owners of second homes and empty properties can also qualify for a discount.
Education
The education system in the UK consists of 5 stages: pre-school, primary, secondary, preparation for higher education, and higher education.Pre-Preparatory Schools. The equivalent of kindergartens and nurseries. Pre-Preparatory Schools are for children from 2 to 7 years old. Children learn to read, write, count, develop through games.
Junior school. This is a school for children who are about to enter adolescence, specifically from 7 to 13 years old. There children are taught general subjects such as mathematics, physics, chemistry, etc. At the end of junior school, students must pass an exam. And they can't get into secondary school without it.
Secondary school . Now it's time to teenagers to enter the secondary school (14-16 years old). And again, the main task is to prepare students for the next exam, but this time it's an exam for obtaining a certificate of general secondary education (GCSE)..
To enter the desired university, students need to complete the A-levels course. The program is designed for 2 years after each year exams in specialized subjects are taken. It is also possible to enroll in a more abbreviated training program - UFY. The program lasts 9 months and is designed to train foreign students with a high level of English.
Higher Education in the UK refers to programs after which students are awarded a Degree: Bachelor's Degree, Master's Degree, and Ph.D. Degree.
1. Bachelor's Degree Designed for 3 years. In universities where there is a mandatory condition for passing Sandwich courses, the term of study increases to 4 years. Undergraduate program for areas such as medicine, dentistry, architecture, etc. designed for 7 years. Bachelor's degrees are divided into 4 types (depending on the specialization, the name of the degree changes: Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Science, Bachelor of Engineering, Bachelor of Law.
2. Master's Degree some programs are aimed at improving the knowledge gained in the undergraduate program, as well as master's programs aimed at developing the student's research activities. The Bachelor's degree program lasts from 1 to 2 years. At the end of the program, students are required to complete a graduation project and pass state examinations for a diploma and a master's degree. Master's programs in research work are also designed for 1-2 years. Students work on their graduation projects during the entire period of study under the guidance of a supervisor.
3.Ph.D. degree Doctoral programs are programs entirely dedicated to research work. The program is designed for 2-3 years. By the end of the training, the student is obliged to publish the results of his work in special editions, as well as complete a project - a dissertation. After defending the dissertation, the student is awarded a Ph.D. degree
Healthcare
In the UK to claim medical help, you must go to surgery. There are only a couple of therapists in surgery who will send you to the right doctor after an examination by a nurse. The essence of going to the doctor in Britain is as follows: first of all, a sick citizen goes to a general practitioner, who appoints a specific doctor. At the same time, the appointment does not happen just like that, but with the help of notification by letter, which usually comes only a couple of weeks after the visit to the therapist. So you'll have to wait. It is worth noting that the appointment is carried out by appointment, and in addition, therapists, as a rule, do not work on weekends. And since medicine is free and you have to wait 2 weeks, or even more, to get to the doctor, huge queues always accumulate. Unfortunately, in recent times, most British therapists prefer not to do unnecessary examinations and tests, and prescribe the simplest painkillers, engaging in serious treatment only in severe cases.Also, British doctors, being true conservatives, always conduct examinations and treatment according to clearly defined instructions. They do not deviate from them and do not try alternative treatment options. Therefore, the most important thing is to get to a really good therapist who will not be too lazy to conduct an examination and send you to a suitable doctor. If you are lucky and you get to such a good doctor, then the treatment will be carried out in good faith and there will be no reason to complain.
Money is mainly allocated for the treatment of patients with serious illnesses. They will be treated intensively with the use of all available devices. But if you have a cold or something that is not life-threatening, you will have to sit in line for a long time and in the end, you can go home with nothing.
In British dentistry, filling or extracting a tooth is considered very complex and expensive. Quite often, to pull out a tooth, the patient is given general anesthesia.
But what is really works well in Britain in terms of medicine is the treatment of STDs and other diseases of the reproductive system. Quite a few clinics have been created where you can check for the presence of sexually transmitted diseases without waiting in line, consult on contraception and breast or cervical cancer. With this in Britain, everything is very serious, they will check it properly and they will treat it with high quality.
Abortion is legal in England and euthanasia is allowed, so terminally ill patients have the right to legally take their own life.
Climate
Climate type |
- Temperate climates
|
Climate Information |
Сlimate in different countries |
The average temperature of the year is about 11°C in the south and around 9°C in the northeast. In London, the average air temperature usually reaches 18°C, while in January it is about 4.5°C. Most of the rainfall in the year falls in October, and in general, the annual amount of precipitation is about 760 mm.
Scotland. Scotland is the coldest region in the UK, although the climate is generally relatively mild. In January, the average air temperature is about 3°C, and snow is extremely common in the mountains in the north. July temperatures average around 15°C. The western region of the Highlands has the highest rainfall in Scotland. About 3810 mm falls per year, while in some eastern regions it is only 635 mm per year.
Wales. Like England, Wales has a mild and humid climate. On average, in January, the thermometer shows about 5.5 ° C, and in July - about 15.5 ° C. Precipitation per year is approximately 762 mm in the central coastal region and a minimum of 2540 mm in the Snowdon massif.
Ireland. In the north of Ireland, the climate, as well as in Wales and England, is mild and humid. The average annual temperature is about 10°С, in July - about 14.5°С and 4.5°С in January. In the north, rainfall is usually more than 1016 mm per year, while in the south it is about 760 mm per year.
Due to the presence of a low pressure area that stretches across the Atlantic Ocean to the east; prevailing during the year southwest winds; and the fact that most of the mountains are in the west of the country, Great Britain is bathed in precipitation. As for the cold temperature, frost covers the kingdom as soon as the cold air from the east and northeast invades its borders. Snow falls extremely unevenly. For example, in the mountainous regions of Scotland, the snow cover lasts for at least 1-1.5 months. But in the south of England and, especially in its south-west, it falls very rarely and lingers for no more than a week. In the west of Great Britain, precipitation is much higher in winter than in summer, and in the east, winters are cold and dry. All this glorified the weather in the British Isles so insidious and changeable. There, the days are relatively long in summer, but too short in winter, which, however, depends on the part of the kingdom. The farther north, the shorter the July days. And even in the south in summer the sun shines for only seven hours, and the northern part of the country - less than five hours a day.